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Scroll compressor9/22/2023 ![]() ![]() Being fully hermetic, perhaps the biggest disadvantage of scroll compressors is that they are generally not easily repairable.Gas pulsation is also minimized, if not eliminated and consequently, they can operate with less vibration.Their weight and footprint are considerably smaller compared to other bulkier types of compressors in use nowadays.Fewer moving parts, lower vibrations and less friction also means that these compressors are more durable. ![]() Due to lower vibration and noise, they do not need spring suspensions.Scroll compressors typically make 5 to 15 dBA lower noise than other compressor types. Furthermore, due to the absence of several moving parts, scroll compressors are considerably quieter in operation compared to other types of compressors, like for example reciprocating type ones.In addition, valve (ports) losses are eliminated, since suction and discharge valves (ports) do not exist. Re-expansion losses, a typical feature of each piston stroke encountered in reciprocating models, are eliminated.The absence of pistons for gas compression enables scroll compressors to reach 100% volumetric efficiency, leading to reduced energy costs.Scroll type compressors are inherently more efficient compared to other types of compressors for many reasons: In such cases dynamic discharge valves are preferred.īut in other cases, for example - air conditioning, having a discharge valve actually results in pressure losses, reducing the efficiency. For example, scroll compressors operate at high differential pressure, in case of refrigeration applications. In such scenarios, having a dynamic valve at the discharge increased the efficiency of operating the compressor. But dynamic discharge valves are preferred at the compressor discharge, when operating at high differential pressure values. Normally, suction or discharge valves are not used in these compressors. Majority of scroll compressors used in refrigeration and HVAC services are of vertical orientation, with the scroll sets typically installed on the upper part of the motor shaft.įigure 2 - Typical scroll compressor diagram Using valves in a scroll compressor Scroll compressors are fully hermetic (enclosed in the compressor's shell, which is usually a cylindrical welded steel shell). Thus a desirable discharge pressure is achieved by the motion of the compressor scrolls.įigure 1 - Diagram showing how a scroll compressor works Structure of a scroll type compressor As the gas moves into the continuously smaller internal pockets, both its temperature and pressure are increased. At the outer part of the scrolls, the pockets suck in gas and then move towards the center of the scroll, where the compressed gas is discharged. The orbiting scroll is connected to the compressor's crankshaft.Īs a result of the scroll's movement, gas pockets are formed between the two scrolls. The first scroll orbits (rotates) in a path defined by its mating fixed scroll. One scroll is moving, whereas the second one is fixed (attached to the compressor body). How does a scroll compressors work?Ī scroll compressor actually consists of two scrolls or spirals. They also have a compact design and require minimal maintenance, making them cost-effective in the long run. Scroll compressors are important because they offer highly efficient, reliable, and quiet, making them ideal for a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. The scrolls rotate against each other, trapping and compressing the gas as it moves towards the center of the scrolls. Selecting a scroll compressor What is a scroll compressor?Ī scroll compressor is a type of positive displacement compressor that uses two interleaved spiral-shaped scrolls to compress gas. Sources , , hitachi-ap.Scroll compressors are orbital motion, positive-displacement type compressors that compress gas with two inter-fitting scrolls. – The compressed air gets very hot! Much hotter than compared to other types of compressors – When the compressor-element fails, there’s a very big chance you just have to buy a whole new element. – Low capacity (flow, liters/minute or cfpm). As the gas moves into the increasingly smaller inner pockets, the temperature and pressure increase to the desired discharge pressure. On the outer portion of the scrolls, the pockets draw in gas, and then move into the center of the scroll, where the gas is discharged. The orbiting motion creates a series of gas pockets traveling between the two scrolls. The orbiting scroll is coupled to the crankshaft and orbits, rather than rotates. In rolling stocks, scroll compressor is used for HVAC and brake systems. A scroll compressor (also called spiral compressor, scroll pump and scroll vacuum pump) is a device for compressing air or refrigerant.
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